This is the largest of the tens of thousands of Soviet war memorials commemorating the more than 26 million Soviet citizens who died in World War II. 5,500 tonnes of pre-stressed reinforced concrete and 2,400 tons of metal structures were used. Volgograd (previously Stalingrad), and specifically Mamayev Kurgan hill were chosen for their role in the Soviet war effort. The Battle of Stalingrad is considered the deadliest battle in history, and marked a turning point as the Soviets were eventually able to deny access to the city and surrounding oil fields.